1) The first smartphone, the IBM Simon, was introduced in 1992 and featured a touchscreen, email capabilities, and apps such as a calendar and calculator.

2) The concept of sovereignty refers to the supreme authority and power of a state to govern itself, make decisions, and control its own territory without interference from external forces.

3) The Triple Crown in horse racing consists of three prestigious races: the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness Stakes, and the Belmont Stakes.

4) The potato is one of the world's most important staple crops and a dietary staple in many cultures. It originated in the Andean region of South America and was introduced to Europe in the 16th century. Potatoes are versatile and can be prepared in numerous ways, such as boiling, baking, frying, and mashing. They are a good source of carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, and are used in various dishes, including fries, mashed potatoes, and potato chips.